Integritee provides powerful second-layer solutions on Polkadot that leverage TEEs. Here are the technical benefits for developers at a glance:
Unrivalled speed: Sub-second block times and up to 1 million transactions per second.
Enabling confidential state transitions within TEEs to protect sensitive data.
The integrity of all transactions is publicly auditable on our parachain, fostering user trust.
Our solutions can interface with any light-client capable blockchain or Web2 API.
Sidechain/oracle operators can individually determine potential fees independently from us.
Interactions with Integritee's parachain amount to just a few cents per transaction.
Integritee offers a wide range of products and services based on blockchain technology. Our list includes a software development kit (SDK) for trusted off-chain workers, second-layer sidechains and oracles, as well as a decentralized attestation service for TEEs.
Empowering a new generation of blockchain-based solutions.
Extended blockchain utility through trusted off-chain workers.
Secure gateway to external data for any Web3 application.
Verifiable integrity for confidential computing made transparent.
Integritee enables developers to directly invoke hardware enclaves for trusted execution using a highly scalable, second-layer blockchain solution.
Trusted off-chain workers execute a custom state-transition function or oracle service in a TEE. State transitions are triggered through on-chain extrinsics with encrypted payloads (indirect invocation).
With indirect invocation, a requester calls a confidential dispatchable function (state transition) by signing a trusted call and encrypting it with the worker enclave’s shielding key. She then wraps the cyphertext into an extrinsic which she sends to the chain.
The worker forwards all new blocks to the light client within the worker enclave where the cyphertext gets decrypted and the trusted call is executed in encrypted state.
When using indirect invocation, all trusted calls need to pass through the chain. Thus, it is not a very scalable solution. While it would be preferable to interface with enclaves directly, this gives rise to the problem of transaction ordering consensus. This is why a second-layer solution is needed.
The Integritee SDK empowers you to develop TEE-validated sidechains with sub-second blocktimes. Because sidechain validators are running in TEEs, all validators trust each other, greatly reducing the complexity of the consensus protocol.
With direct invocation, a requester chooses one of the sidechain validators to send her trusted call. The next time that validator produces a block, the call will be executed. The block gets committed onto the Integritee parachain and the state diff is broadcast to the other validators, who simply apply the diff to their copy of the state. The sidechain validators produce blocks in an unpredictable order (to avoid DDoS attacks) with a target block time T and broadcast them to the other validators. Should a validator fail to broadcast a block (or the block does not reach the next validator) that validator is skipped after waiting until t = T*2^k where k is the number of missed blocks.
Finality
Sidechain blocks are produced asynchronously to layer one at a higher block rate. Despite the integrity guarantees provided by the TEEs, these blocks are not final because forks on the sidechain can happen. Every sidechain block hash is anchored to the layer-one blockchain and gets finalized on layer one along with the block that includes its anchoring extrinsic.
The Integritee SDK is compatible with Substrate runtime pallets. With a few lines of glue-code, you can reuse your pallets and instantiate them inside an Integritee off-chain worker or sidechain. It is even possible to trustlessly interact between on- and off-chain runtimes. Please see our deployment options below:
Even if we trust the TEE manufacturer’s ability and integrity, a decentralized application (dapp) should be operated by an unpermissioned set of infrastructure providers. Anyone who owns suitable TEE hardware should be able to support the dapp. Integritee allows you to establish unpermissioned operation of your off-chain workers or sidechain validators, while still ensuring integrity and confidentiality through remote attestation.
You may choose to operate all TEE hardware yourself or rent it with an SLA in a jurisdiction of your choice. It is up to you to define who may validate on your sidechain or run your off-chain workers. In any case, the Integritee parachain provides a remote attestation registry for public auditability of your services.
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